English Language News

 Nation wide news bulletins across a nation, small or large, understandably reflect the language, political shade and culture of her predominant inhabitants.

Across China, Pu Tong Hua or the Standard Speak, is pervasive across the massive extent of her territory, from Hei Long jian in the north east to Tibet in the south west.  The national tv broadcaster, CCTV, uses an updated version of a language agreed upon the embarkation  of the Republic formed after the fall of the last imperial dynasty in 1911.

We are what we speak.   Our thoughts are articulated in the language we speak.  We often do not lose the ability to speak the language of our childhood, in the community or nation where we first grow up.

The reinforcement of constant language spoken by or to us is reflected in what is articulated in news media, whether spoken, written, read or listened to.  Nations with a mainly homogenous demographic have no issues with the choice of official national language.

What then faces countries with  a diverse population in terms of ethnicity, culture and language?    There are societies facing this situation due to past colonialism,  history or active recruitment of immigrants from different parts of the world.

The Republic of South Africa has a dozen official languages but English and Afrikaans rule the news broadcasts there.
Singhalese dominate in Sri Lanka.  Both Thailand and Indonesia stand out in using only their national languages as news broadcasts, with English notably absent - this is understandable as Thailand was never colonised and Indonesia was under the Dutch colonists.  However, both countries have diverse cultural groups in their domain.

The island Republic of Singapore has a national language of Malay and three official languages of Mandarin, English and Tamil.  Yes,  the free to air news telecasts are available daily in all the four languages.   Even public announcements on the MRT reflect these four languages.

The nearby Federation of Malaysia in contrast has elevated Malay to increasingly be the de facto lingua franca of national and official stature.   I understand there may only be a sole English language news bulletin on free to air tv in Malaysia ( on a commercial channel if I am not wrong).   The numbers of non Malays in the current 34 million population of Malaysia has decreased since the 1980s due to migration, official discrimination,  low birth rates and political climate.

The United States has had an image of welcoming migration.   Think of the lure of the Statute of Liberty,  Hollywood movies, university admission,  relatively low taxation amongst the Western nations,  lifestyle attractions and the power of so called democracy.  Even if Latin Americans propel in numbers to be an ever larger percentage of the USA population,  the Englush language dominates in news broadcasts, although Spanish cannot be ignored,  especially in the parts that truly and formerly were part of Mexico.   Immigrants from overseas continue to take to the English language like ducks to water, especially those from former colonies of the now defunct British Empire.

Australia  had a long term White Australia Policy, until it was dismantled by Prime Minister Gough Whitlam in the 1970s.   Since then it has embraced diversity in its welcoming of migrants, until recent developments domestically and in geopolitics.  It is said that capital cities
like Melbourne and Sydney have residents with backgrounds of around 200 nations.

The news media across Australia is mainly in the English language.  An exception is the free to air SBS service funded by taxpayers and going into its 50th year.  I recall being impressed by SBS streaming in news bulletins from across the world as early as the late 1980s.  I could tune in overnight to uncensored news presentations in their original non- English languages.  

Sad to say, since the reign of former Prime Minister Scott Morrison, Russian language news from Moscow and Mandarin language news from Beijing have not been allowed on SBS.   Instead SBS World Watch now streams in daily news bullletins of several languages from India, apart from Hindi.  There are perhaps 200 separate Indigenous cultures across the Australian continent, yet there is no regular news broadcast in any Aboriginal language.

English language news prevalence in daily news across Australia is spiked by access on free to air of news from the BBC, CBS, NBC, ABC USA,  Deutsche Welle, France 24,  CBC Canada, NHK and the Phillippines.

In recognition of the significant role of English as a practical international language of communication, technology, politics, finance and trade,  several newscasters of note provide world wide access of news in that language.

#yongkevthoughts

Culture, Community, Country

In a world of increased mobility, do you feel if your country is the same as your culture, if your goverment synchronises with your personal values, if your religion or language remains part of the national tapestry and if your citizenship is your ethnicity?

There are still homogenous demographics remaining within several nations, despite the rise of multi-cultural diversity in Western societies and the historical mixing of different races within countries formed from the legacy of colonialism.

Thailand, Japan, China, both North and South Korea, Russia and Latin American nations have a high degree of having a shared spoken and written language, which further strengthens their sense of cultural heritage. Thailand is perhaps the only non European country in the world to be not subject to colonialism.

In terms of having less diverse populations, Japan does stand out due to their de-emphasis on accepting migrants and their geographical nature of being a string of islands. 

In contrast, Australia, Israel and Canada have allowed the settlement of peoples from around 200 other nations. Israel welcomes migrants with a shared cultural and religious background. Australia and Canada especially encourage the use of languages other than English.

The USA had been heralded as a promised land attracting, amongst many, war torn migrants from Europe, Spanish speakers from south of its borders, students from an Asia with rising incomes and Middle Easterners. The USA claims to be the original melting pot in nation building in recent history.

The European continent saw the regular redrawing of national boundaries due to war, political alliances, royal marriages, religious transformations and internal migrations, especially in the past 200 years before the 21st century.

Immigration can change the nature of societies - look at France, Australian capital cities, the proportion of non Muslims falling in Malaysia, Birmingham in the United Kingdom and Germany in recent years.

The island nation of Singapore utilises racial numbers as a critical factor in ensuring racial harmony in a small country. South Africa has up to a dozen official languages. The modern Republic of India was federated from lands with different languages and ethnicities collated under the rule of Britain and the former British East India Company.

There are small islands in the South Pacific that are still linked politically, culturally and financially to European masters, a legacy of the 19th century.

The carving of territories by colonial powers, at times subjectively, has divided people of the same culture across different nation states - think for example, of the Kurdish; the indigenous peoples of Papua New Guinea; and the Arabs.

Indigenous peoples across many parts of the world have lost their original nationhood. Those still having some structural sense of independence are grouped around New Zealand, where the Maoris perhaps maintain the highest level of political dignity for indigenous peoples.

Increasingly it can get harder for an individual to assert that my country, my government, my culture, my religion, my personal values, my citizenship, my mother tongue and my ethnicity share a high degree of commonality.

Perhaps the idea of a nation state is increasingly irrelevant. World citizenship can resolve many administrative issues. However the inherent nature of mankind can continue to be divisive, to differentiate and to dominate over others.

#yongkevthoughts